Philologos
Bible Prophecy Research
Title: The Number 13
Submitted by: research-bpr@philologos.org
Date: Sept 4, 2000
URL: http://philologos.org/bpr/files/n018.htm
The Number 13
4th of Elul
September 4, 2000
Excerpt from:
Number in Scripture
E. W.Bullinger
that we may afterwards compare and contrast the two. For this purpose we must consider the number thirteen here, and out of its otherwise proper order.
As to the significance of thirteen, all are aware that it has come down to us as a number of ill-omen. Many superstitions cluster around it, and various explanations are current concerning them.
Unfortunately, those who go backwards to find a reason seldom go back far enough. The popular explanations do not, so far as we are aware, go further back than the Apostles. But we must go back to the first occurrence of the number thirteen in order to discover the key to its significance. It occurs first in Gen 14:4, where we read "Twelve years they served Chedorlaomer, and the thirteenth year they REBELLED."
Hence every occurrence of the number thirteen, and likewise of every multiple of it, stamps that with which it stands in connection with rebellion, apostasy, defection, corruption, disintegration, revolution, or some kindred idea.
The second mention of thirteen is in connection with Ishmael, Gen 17:25. He was thirteen years old when Abraham circumcised him and admitted him into the covenant to which he was a stranger in heart, and which ended in his rebellion and rejection.
We see it stamped upon the very fore-front of Revelation. For while the opening statement of Gen 1:1 is composed of seven words and twenty-eight letters (4x7), the second verse consists of fourteen words, but fifty-two letters; fifty-two being 4x13 tells of some apostasy or rebellion which caused the ruin of which that verse speaks.
But it is when we come to
that the most wonderful results are seen. These results may be stated thus, briefly: That the names of the LORD's people are multiples of eight, while the names of those who apostatized, or rebelled, or who were in any sense His enemies, are multiples of thirteen. This statement, if it be proved, is one of the greatest evidences of verbal inspiration which the world has yet seen. The discovery of the great principle is due, we believe, to the late Dr. Milo Mahan, of New York, who has given many examples of it in his work already referred to, now long out of print. The effect of this law can hardly be estimated in establishing the presence of an ever-present working of the Holy Spirit in inditing the very words and even the letters of Scripture. No human foresight or arrangement could have secured such a result beforehand; no human powers could have carried it out in such perfection. No matter where we look, we find the working of the law without cessation, without a break, without a flaw from beginning to end. Only one conclusion is possible, and that is that the Bible has but one Author, an eternal, omniscient Author, designing, superintending, working, and carrying out His own infinite plans.
Let us take a survey of this wondrous field
The numerical value of the Seth line of names collectively is a multiple of 8; whilst those of the Cain line collectively is a multiple of 13.
| Adam | 45 | ||||||||||||||||||
| Seth | 700 | ||||||||||||||||||
| Enos | 357
| Cainan
| 210
| Mahalaleel
| 136
| Jared
| 214
| Enoch
| 84
| Methuselah
| 784
| Lamech
| 90
| Noah
| 58
| Japheth*
| 490
| (8x396)
| 3168
| |
* Japheth was the eldest son of Noah, though Shem was chosen for the genealogy of Jesus Christ.
Taking the Noah group separately, we have:
| Noah | 58
| Shem
| 340
| Ham
| 48
| Japheth
| 490
| (8x9x13)
| 936 | |
Without Ham, the three names, Noah, Shem, and Japheth, equal 888. With Ham they equal 936, as above; but this, though it is a multiple of 8, is at the same time a multiple of 13, and of 9 also, the number of judgment.
The gematria of the whole Scripture, Gen 5:6-24, which contains the record of these names, amounts to 62960 (or 8x7870).
| Adam | 45
| Cain
| 160
| Enoch
| 84
| Irad
| 284
| Mehujael
| 95
| Methusael
| 777
| Lamech
| 90
| Jabal
| 42
| Jubal
| 48
| Tubal Cain
| 598
| (13x9x19)
| 2223
| |
The family of Lamech is also significant if looked at separately:
 | Lamech and Adah 169 (13x13)
| The two wives, Adah and Zillah 611 (13x47)
| Jabal, his firstborn, the father of the Bedouin 42 (*the No. of Antichrist)
| Tubal Cain 598 (13x46)
| The whole family, including the daughter, Naamah 1924 (or 13x148)
| |
* Please see The Number 42.
The history of the Cain family is given in Gen 4:1-25, and spreads over 130 years (13x10). See Gen 5:3.
Further, the whole Scripture which records the history, Gen 4:1-25, yields by gematria 76882 (13x5914). There is, however, a remarkable exception which "proves the rule." Verse 25 records the birth of Seth, and its value is 6560 (8x820); verse 26, also, which records the birth of his son Enos, and tells how men began then to "call upon the name of the LORD," yields 3064 (8x383).
Contrast this with verse 1, where the numerical value of the words "and she conceived and bare Cain" is 1612 (13x124).
The years of Adam during the days of Cain, before the birth of Seth, were 130 (13x10): see Gen 5:3. While after the birth of Seth he lived 800 years (8x100), Gen 5:4.
in Gen 4:23,24, is 4667 (13x359); while the sentence pronounced on Cain in vv 10-13 is 10283 (13x791).
The record in Gen 6, which gives the apostasy of man, leading up to the judgment of the Flood, is stamped and branded throughout with significant numbers:
| Verses 1-3 amount to 7272 (6x1212).
| Verse 2 amounts to 3198 (13x6x41).
| Verse 4, "the same were mighty men which were of old, men of renown" 1703 (13x131).
| Verses 5-7, which speak concerning the corruption 10335 (13x795).
| Verses 1-7 21672 (6x6x602).
| |
But now contrast vv 8-10 concerning Noah--"But Noah found grace in the eyes of the LORD," etc., 7008 (8x876):
| Verses 11-17, the end of all flesh, the command to build the ark, and the threat of the Flood 33540 (13x2580).
| Verses 14-16, concerning the ark 17668 (4x4417).
| Verses 12, 13 and 17 together, concerning the violence and corruption 13320 (666x20).
| Verses 18-22, which speak of the covenant to save Noah and his house, while they are stamped with the number 13 (which is the number of atonement as well as of sin, see below), are stamped also with the triple five, the 15 of perfect grace by which Noah was called, and by the number 2, which tells of incarnation and deliverance. The gematria of these verses is 15002 (13x1154).
| |
The Canaanite names:
| Canaan | 190
| And
| 6
| Sidon
| 154
| Heth
| 408
| The Jebusite
| 93
| The Amorite
| 256
| The Girgashite
| 521
| The Hivite
| 29
| The Arkite
| 385
| The Sinite
| 135
| The Arvadite
| 226
| The Zemarite
| 345
| The Hamathite
| 463
| (13x13x19)
| 3211
| |
THE DESCENDANTS OF JOKTAN (Gen 10:25-29)
| Joktan (the 13th from Shem)(13x13) | 169
| Peleg (his brother)
| 113
| Salah (his grandfather) (13x13x2)
| 338
| His 13 sons:
|
| Almodad
| 85
| Sheleph
| 410
| Hazarmaveth
| 744
| Jerah
| 218
| Hadoram
| 255
| Uzal
| 44
| Diklah
| 139
| Obal
| 108
| Abimael
| 84
| Sheba
| 303
| Ophir
| 287
| Havilah
| 59
| Jobab
| 20
| (13x212)
| 2756
| |
The whole passage (Gen 10:25-29) yields the number 10647 (13x13x63). Such are the pains taken to emphasise the rise of the progenitors of the Saracens, for Joktan settled in S. Arabia, while Ishmael settled in Arabia Petrea.
| Shem | 340
| Arphaxad
| 605
| Salah
| 338
| Eber
| 272
| Peleg
| 113
| Reu
| 276
| Serug
| 509
| Nahor
| 264
| Terah
| 608
| Abram
| 243
| (8x446)
| 3568
| |
NAHOR'S FAMILY
| Nahor | 264
| Haran
| 255
| Lot
| 45
| Sarai
| 510
| Milcah
| 95
| Iscah
| 95
| (8x158)
| 1264
| |
Thus the entire generation is 4832 (8x604).
Abraham had eight sons. Seven of them were born "after the flesh," while the eighth was "by promise."
| (8x31) Abraham | 248
| (8x2x13) Isaac*
| 208
| (8x57)
| 456
| |
* Isaac's household was a divided one, as well as Jacob's; hence we have the 13 as a factor as well as 8.
| (7x2x13) Jacob | 182
| Leah
| 36
| Rachel
| 238
| (8x57)
| 456
| |
Leah's Six Sons
| Reuben | 259
| Simeon
| 466
| Levi
| 46
| Judah
| 30
| Issachar
| 830
| Zebulon | 95
| (13x2+1700) | 1726
| |
Add parents' names (Jacob 182, and Leah 36), and we have 1944 (8x243).
| Joseph | 156
| Benjamin | 152
| (77x4) | 308
| |
Rachel's Maid
| Bilhah | 42
| Dan | 54
| Naphtali | 570
| | 666
| |
Leah's Maid
| Zilpah | 122
| Gad | 7
| Asher | 501
| Add Leah | 36
| | 666
| |
The whole family of Jacob, including Ephraim (331) and Manasseh (395) = 4512 (8x8x8+4000).
are enumerated in some 18 (3x6) different ways, in which one is always omitted. For there were 12 tribes; but there were also 13, telling of God's design for perfect government, and of man's apostasy from that government.
| In Deut 32 Simeon is left out.
| In Rev 7 Dan and Ephraim are omitted (Joseph and Levi being inserted).
| Generally it is Levi that is omitted.
| Arranged in their 4 camps, as in Num 2, their value is 3736 (8x467).
| Arranged as in Rev 7, the value (according to the Greek spelling, of course) is 8480 (8x1060).
| Arranged as in Num 13:3-16, in connection with the rebellion on the return of the 12 spies, we see defection at once; for all the representatives of the tribes failed except Caleb and Joshua (788).
|
|
To go back, however, to Genesis, we now take
| Now these | 40
| The generations of | 836
| Ishmael | 451
| Nebaioth | 462
| Kedar | 304
| Abdeel | 38
| Mibsam | 382
| Mishmah | 450
| Dumah | 55
| Massa | 341
| Hadar | 212
| Tema | 451
| Jetur | 225
| Naphish | 440
| Kedemah | 149
| (13x12x31)
| 4836
| |
THE ELEVEN DUKES OF EDOM
Gen 36:40-43 is by gematria 9880: thus--
| Verse 40 = 5453
| Verse 41 = 670
| Verse 42 = 1340
| Verse 43 = 2417 (as far as "he is Esau")
| Total 9880 (13x760)
| |
The word "duke," amounts to 117 (13x9).
And eleven times repeated, it is still a multiple of 13, viz., 1287 (13x99).
| (8x31) Abraham | 248
| (8x40) Keturah | 320
| Zimran | 297
| Jokshan | 460
| Medan | 94
| Midian | 104
| Ishbak | 412
| Shuah | 314
| (13x173)
| 2249
| |
THEIR DESCENDANTS IN GEN 25:3
| Shebah | 303
| Dedan | 58
| Sons of Dedan | 120
| (13x37)
| 481
| |
| Asshurim | 547
| Letushim | 385
| Leummim | 121
| (13x81)
| 1053
| |
THE SONS OF MIDIAN (Gen 25:4)
| Sons of Midian | 166
| Ephah | 165
| Epher | 350
| Hanoch | 58
| Abidah | 87
| Eldaah | 110
| (13x72)
| 936
| |
The phrase which concludes the lists, "All these are the sons of Keturah," has for its value 468 (13x36), making with the numbers above 5213 for the whole group, or 13x401.
The whole passage is also a multiple of 13.
| Ammon | 166
| Ammi | 120
| (13x22)
| 286
| |
Ben-Ammi (children of Ammi) 182 (13x14)
The whole passage (Gen 19:31-38) is a multiple of 13
| "And there came two angels to Sodom at even," 640 (8x80)
| "And Lot sat in the gate of Sodom"* = 1313
| Verse 1. The whole verse, 4299, significant of Antichrist (42) and judgment (9).
| Verses 1-25 = 90441 (13x9x773).
| Verses 26-29, describing the results of the overthrow = 14274 (13x9x122).
| Verses 1-29, the entire account = 104715 (13x9x895).
| Lots words in verse 7 = 777.
| Verse 25. The work of the LORD in the overthrow = 2888. The account in the Second Epistle of Peter = 6999
| |
* Even the expression in 2 Peter 2:7, "and righteous Lot," is 1326 (13x102).
It will be observed how we have here not only the number thirteen, but also the number nine, which...is the number of judgment.
is also stamped with the number thirteen, though not by gematria, for the city was compassed once each day for six days, and seven times on the seventh day, making 13 times in all (6+7). "Jericho" is 234 which is 13x2x9 (nine being the number of judgment).
who were raised up as saviours in a time of apostasy and rebellion exhibit both these factors, 8 and 13
| Othniel | 561
| Ehud | 16
| Shamgar | 543
| Barak | 302
| Gideon | 133
| Tola | 506
| Jair | 221
| Jephthah | 498
| Ibzan | 143
| Elon | 97
| Abdon | 132
| Samson | 696
| (8x13x37)
| 3848
| |
Abimelech the usurper (Judges 9) by his name
| (13x4) Ben | 52
| (13x24) Jerubbaal | 312
| (13x28)
| 364
| |
The Judges period ends under Samuel, 377 (13x29), and the last three names which come before us are--
Eli, Hophni, and Phinehas, which together amount to 462 (42x11).
| Saul | 337
| Kish | 760
| Sons of Saul | 399
| Jonathan | 516
| Ishui | 326
| Melchishua | 476
| Ahinoam | 179
| Merab | 242
| Michal | 100
| Abner son of Ner | 565
| (13x300)
| 3900
| |
THE JUDAH AND ISRAEL LINES OF KINGS
are stamped in a remarkable manner with these numbers.
There are two periods specially marked with regard to Israel.
The number 65 is associated with the separate existence of the Ten Tribes in Isa 7:8, "Within threescore and five years shall Ephraim be broken, that it be not a people." From that time, that is to say, from the last year of Jeroboam II to the carrying away of Israel was exactly 65 years, or 5 times 13, which characterised the disintegration which was going on in the nation.
But, more than this, the number 390 was also stamped upon Israel as being the whole duration of the separate existence of the Ten Tribes from the day they rebelled against Rehoboam to the day they were led away captive. This we see from Eze 4:4, 5, where the command was given to Ezekiel, "Lie thou upon thy left side, and lay the iniquity of the house of Israel upon it; according to the number of the days that thou shalt be upon it, thou shalt bear their iniquity. For I have laid upon thee the years of their iniquity according to the number of the days, three hundred and ninety days; so shalt thou bear the iniquity of the house of Israel."
Now 390 is thirteen times thirty,* and the duration of Israel's rebellion is sufficiently and appropriately branded upon it.
* Commentators entirely miss the point when they say that 390 = 10x39, instead of 13x30!
On the other hand, when we turn to Judah we see the number 8 pervading it. For the same prophet, in the next verse, is commanded to lie on his right side forty days to bear the iniquity of the house of Judah--each day for a year. We ought to note in passing that the name of Ezekiel, who foretells the duration and end of this apostasy, is 156 (13x12); while the words of the prophecy, Eze 4:1-6, amount to 36673 (13x13x7x31), and the whole passage, 4:1-8, to 43069 (13x3313).
The fulfillment ought also to be noted. The 390 years were to signify not only the years of apostasy, but were also to signify the 390 days of the siege of Jerusalem; viz., 13 months (30x13). The siege commenced on the 10th day of the 10th month of the 9th year of Zedekiah (2 Kings 25:1-4), and it was taken on the 9th day of the 4th month of the 11th year of the same king. This gives a period of 18 months. But the siege was raised for about 5 months (see Jer 37), while Nebuchadnezzar's army was withdrawn for fear of Pharaoh, king of Egypt, who had come up to meet him.
Thus we have the two numbers stamped by the history; upon Judah 8, and upon Israel 13.
Now look at
| Rehoboam | 320
| Abijam | 53
| [2]Asa | 62
| Jehoshaphat | 410
| Jehoram | 261
| Ahaziah | 37
| Athaliah | 515
| Jehoash | 322
| [3]Amaziah | 152
| [4]Azariah (Uzziah) | 292
| Jotham | 456
| Ahaz | 16
| Hezekiah | 136
| Manasseh | 395
| Amon | 97
| Josiah | 332
| Jehoahaz | 37
| Jehoiakim | 181
| Jehoiachin | 111
| Zedekiah | 215
| (8x550) | 4400
| |
1. The spelling, which sometimes varies, is taken according to the first occurrence of the name.2. In the 39th (3x13) year of his reign he forsook the LORD (2 Chron 16:12).
3. Amaziah = 146 or 152 according to the spelling. If 146, then the total will be 4394 (13x13x13x2). But if we add Saul 337, David 14, and Solomon 375, it is 5120 (8x8x8x10).
4. He had reigned 52 (4x13) years when he apostatized (2 Chron 26:3,21).
| Jeroboam I | 322
| Nadab | 56
| Baasha | 373
| Elah | 36
| Zimri | 257
| Omri | 320
| Ahab | 12
| Ahaziah | 37
| Jehoram | 261
| Jehu | 22
| Jehoahaz | 37
| Joash | 317
| Jeroboam II | 322
| Zachariah | 242
| Shallum | 376
| Menahem | 138
| Pekahiah | 203
| Pekah | 188
| Hoshea | 381
| (13x300) | 3900
| |
THE LEADERS WHO RETURNED FROM BABYLON (Ezra 2:2)
| Zurubbabel | 241
| Jeshua | 386
| Nehemiah | 113
| Seraiah | 515
| Reelaiah | 315
| Mordecai | 274
| Bilshan | 382
| *Mizpar | 380
| Bigvai | 21
| Rehum | 254
| Baanah | 127
| (8x8x47) | 3008
| |
* In the Hebrew Text Mizpar is repeated again after Baanah. If we count this in, then the total, instead of 3008, will be 3388, which though not a multiple of 8 is very significant.
Other chiefs mentioned in other connections are--
| Shesbazzar, the prince of Judah | 892
| Ezra the scribe | 619
| Nehemiah | 113
| (8x203) | 1624
| |
It is difficult to observe a strict order in the presentation of these phenomena, because the results are best shown by direct contrast. For example, if we take out the names of the adversaries who came in direct opposition to the Lord, the law will be more clearly seen.
| Bishlam | 372
| Mithredath | 1044
| Tabeel | 42
| "And the rest of their companions" | 989
| Rehum the chancellor | 475
| Shimshai the scribe | 991
| (13x301) | 3913
| |
These Companions (Ezra 4:9) are the--
| Dinaites | 75
| Apharsathchites | 772
| Tarpelites | 330
| Apharsites | 352
| Archevites | 237
| Babylonians | 45
| Susanchites | 687
| Dehavites | 16
| Elamites | 151
| (13x205) | 2665
| |
Together they all make 6578 (13x506).
The men who took strange wives (Ezra 10:17-44) were in number 113. The gematria of their names is 38194 (13x13x226).
as mentioned and named in 2:19, 4:7, and 13:4:
| Sanballat the Horonite | 424
| And Tobiah the servant, the Ammonite | 294
| And Geshem the Arabian | 636
| And the Arabians | 333
| And the Ammonites | 221
| And the Ashdodites | 376
| Eliashib the priest | 433
| (13x209) | 2717
| |
DANIEL AND HIS COMPANIONS
| Daniel | 95
| Hananiah | 120
| Misael | 381
| Azariah | 292
| | 888
| |
But their Chaldean names, given by Nebuchadnezzar, make a number of no significance whatever.
as named in Scripture are generally multiples of thirteen.
Let us begin with the great enemy himself, always remembering that though we may give the English for the sake of clearness, the gematria always refers to the original Hebrew or Greek:
| Satan, in Hebrew = 364 (13x28)
| Satan, in Greek = 2197 (13x13x13)
| "That old serpent, even Satan" (in Greek) = 2756 (13x212)
| "Ha-Seraph" (Num 21:8) = 585 (13x45)
| Beelzebub (with art.) = 598 (13x46)
| Belial - 78 (13x6)
| Dragon (Rev 12:9) = 975 (13x75)
| Serpent = 780 (13x60)
| Murderer = 1820 (13x140)
| Tempter = 1053 (13x81)
| The Scape-goat = 585 (13x45)
| The Lion (Psa 91:13) = 338 (13x26)
| "As a Lion" (1 Peter 5:8) = 1885 (13x145)
| "The Power of the Enemy" (Luke 10:9) = 2509 (13x193)
| "Your adversary, the Devil, as a roaring lion" = 6032 (13x464)
| Fowler (Psa 91:3) = 416 (13x32)
| "Who is called the Devil and Satan" (in Greek) = 2197 (13x13x13)
| "Seven Devils" = 572 (13x44)
| "Because the Prince of this world is judged" (John 16:11) = 5577 (13x13x33)
| "When he speaketh a lie he speaketh of his own, for he is a liar" (John 8:44) = 7072 (13x544)
| |
where the Devil is first mentioned and revealed. The opening words:
| "The Serpent was more subtle than all the beasts of the field" = 1521 (13x13x9)
| The history of the Temptation, vv 1-7 = 24011 (13x1847)
| The second section (vv 8-11) = 49478 (13x2x1903)
| The third section (vv 22-24), which records the expulsion from Eden = 10894 (13x838)
| The whole chapter = 84383 (13x6491)
| Eve's confession (v 13) = 3692 (13x284)
| Verse 8, which describes the act of the LORD God, is, on the contrary, 4064 (8x508)
| Verse 21, which records the Divinely prepared clothing in grace = 2856 (7x8x51)
| Verse 15, which we might expect to find significant, being the great primeval prophetic promise, is 4266 (3x3x3x158); where we have the 42, the 66, of Antichrist, and the 9 of judgment.
| Verse 16, containing the hope of the promised seed, added to v 15 = 8512 (8000+8x8x8)
| |
| "The piercing Serpent, even Leviathan" = 1170 (13x90)
| "That crooked Serpent" = 1014 (13x13x6)
| "The Dragon that is in the sea" = 1469 (13x113)
| |
| Rejoice not thou, whole Palestina, because the rod of him that smote thee is broken: for out of the serpent's root shall come forth a cockatrice (marg. adder), and his fruit shall be a fiery flying serpent" = 5369 (13x413) |
| "Thou smotest the heads of Leviathan in pieces, and gavest him for meat for the people in the wilderness" = 3510 (13x270; or 13x6x45; or 13x3x3x3x10) |
| The whole verse = 12090 (13x930)
| The locusts = 351 (13x3x3x3)
| "They have a king, the angel of the abyss" = 3978 (13x306)
| |
| "According to the course of this world, according to the prince of the power of the air" = 9178* (13x706)
| "The power of the air" = 2600 (13x200)
| |
* Ninety-one hundred being 13x700; and 78 being 13x6.
| "Lightning from heaven" = 2626 (13x202)
| "And He said, I beheld Satan as lightning fall from heaven" = 6903 (13x531)
| |
| "But against principalities, against powers, against the rulers of the darkness of this world, against spiritual wickedness in high places" = 16211 (13x1247) |
| "An offence unto me" (Greek) = 936 (13x72) |
present the same peculiar phenomena:
| Asshur = 169 (13x13)*
| "The man of sin" = 13062 (13x13x13x6)
| "The man who took not God for his strength" = 2197 (13x13x13)**
| |
* Nimrod exhibits a number connected with Antichrist, being 294, or 7x42.** The whole of Psalm 52 = 19572 (42x466).
reveals the same law in operation. Having diligently cast the horoscope (as Pur means: see Isa 47:13), Haman found the most favourable time for carrying out his designs as "the Jews' enemy."*
* A term applied to none but Haman. See Esth 3:10, 7:6, 8:1, 9:10,14.
Esther 3:7 tells us that for 12 months the horoscope was consulted "in the first of the month...from day to day, and from month to month, to the twelfth month." Then (v 12) on the thirteenth day of the first month (i.e., the thirteenth month from the time they commenced) the favourable day was found. Then (3:13) the letters were prepared, and upon "one day, even upon the thirteenth day of the twelfth month" (at the end of the second year), the Jews were all to be put to death. On that day came the deliverance (8:12, etc.). Thus we have three thirteens connected with this gigantic effort of the great enemy to destroy the Lord's people, and with them, of course, the promised seed. This is the ultimate object of the great enemy in all his designs against God's people.
On the other hand, we see the multiples of the dominical eight in the Lord's people:
| Mordecai | 274
| Son of Jair | 273
| Son of Shimei | 472
| son of Kish | 462
| Benjamite | 431
| (8x239 | 1912
| |
| Eth-Hadassah | 475
| That is Esther | 677
| (8x12x12) | 1152
| |
| (8x42) Purim | 336
| |
On the other hand we have:
| Bigthan 455 (13x35)
| Haman the Agagite 117 (13x9)
| Zeresh (his wife) 507 (13x13x3)
| |
Haman's sons present a curious phenomenon. In every Hebrew manuscript these names are presented thus (9:7-9):
| and (v'eth) | Parshandatha
| and (v'eth) | Dalphon
| and (v'eth) | Aspatha
| and (v'eth) | Poratha
| and (v'eth) | Adalia
| and (v'eth) | Aridatha
| and (v'eth) | Parmashta
| and (v'eth) | Arisai
| and (v'eth) | Aridai
| and (v'eth) | Vajezatha
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This peculiarity has been preserved not only in all the manuscripts, but in every printed edition of the Hebrew Text. No scribe or editor has ventured to change this form of their presentation.
Various conjectures have been made both by the ancient Jewish and modern commentators as to the reason why these names are always presented thus; but no one seems to have looked upon the names as an addition sum (regarding of course each letter as a figure). Treated thus the sum of the names amounts to 10244 or 13x788.
The whole family is 10868 or 13x836.
| "The Scribes" = 780 (13x60)
| "The Scribes and Pharisees, hypocrites" = 2704 (13x13x16)
| "Woe!" = 481 (13x37)
| "Leaven of Pharisees and Sadducees" = 3718 (13x13x22)
| "A wicked and adulterous generation" = 1365 (13x105)
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| Matt 27:20: "But the chief priests and elders persuaded the people that they should ask Barabbas, and destroy Jesus" = 10127 (13x779)
Matt 27:16: "And they had then a notable prisoner, called Barabbas" = 2743 (13x211)
| Mark 15:6: "Now at that feast he released unto them one prisoner, whomsoever they desired" = 910 (13x70)
| Luke 23:18: "And they cried out all at once, saying, Away with this man, and release unto us Barabbas" = 9347 (13x719)
| John 18:40: "Then cried they all again, saying, Not this man, but Barabbas. Now Barabbas was a robber." In this verse we have--
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| Luke 22:3: "Then entered Satan into Judas surnamed Iscariot, being of the number of the twelve" = 8359 (13x643)
| Verse 47, "And he that was called Judas, one of the twelve" = 3458 (13x266)
| John 12:4: "Judas Iscariot, he that should betray Him" = 4511 (13x347)
| John 13:26: "Jesus answered, He it is to whom I shall give a sop, when I have dipped it. And when He had dipped the sop, He gave it to Judas Iscariot, the son of Simon" = 19435 (13x1495)
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Matt 26:48: "Now he that betrayed Him gave them a sign, saying Whomsoever I shall kiss, that same is He; hold Him fast" = 9867 (13x759)
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So with Acts 1:16; Mark 14:44,45, and all the corresponding passages.
| Verse 25, "Why did the heathen rage?" = 1560 (13x120)
| Verse 26, "The kings of the earth stood up, and the rulers were gathered together against the Lord, and against His Christ" = 12467 (13x959)
| Verse 27, "Both Herod and Pontius Pilate with the Gentiles" = 3926 (13x302)
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| Simon Magus (with art.) = 1170 (13x90)
| Elymas = 676 (13x13x4)
| "Certain sons of one Sceva, a Jew, and chief of the priests, seven" (Acts 19:14) = 4953 (13x381)
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| Hermogenes (2 Tim 1:15) = 481 (13x37)
| Philetus (2 Tim 2:17) = 1118 (13x86)
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| Hymenaeus and Alexander (1 Tim 1:20)
| Phygellus and Hermogenes (2 Tim 1:15)
| Hymenaeus and Philetus (2 Tim 2:17)
| Demas (2 Tim 4:10)
| Total = 5226 (13x402)
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| Rev 2:20: "That woman Jezebel" = 1573 (13x121)
| Rev 3:1: Sardis = 520 (13x40)
| 1 John 2:18=22: Antichrists = 1651 (13x127)
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1 John 4:3: "And every spirit that confesseth not that Jesus Christ is come in the flesh, is not of God: and this is that spirit of Antichrist" = 17329 (13x1333)
| 1 John 2:22: "That denieth the Father" = 1963 (13x151)
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2 John 7: "The many deceivers" = 611 (13x47)
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| 13:1: "The sand of the sea" = 1716 (13x132)
Verse 11, The whole verse = 6318 (13x486)
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Verse 15, "The image of the beast" = 1482 (13x114)
| Verse 18, "The mark of the beast" = 2483 (13x191)
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17:1: "The great whore" = 403 (13x31)
| Verse 5, "The mother of harlots" = 2756 (13x212)
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19:20: "The beast...and with him the false prophet who doeth wonders before him" = 8489 (13x653)
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22:15: "Dogs, and sorcerers, and whoremongers, and murderers, and idolaters, and whatsoever loveth and maketh a lie" = 8710 (13x670)
| 8:10: "A great star" = 858 (13x66)
| 8:11: "Wormwood" = 1040 (13x80)
| 20:8: "Gog" = 806 (13x62) (Greek)
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| 38:2: "The chief prince of Meschech" (the title of Gog) = 1222 (13x94)
| 39:11: "Hamon-Gog" (the burying place of Gog) = 113
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The whole prophecy of Ezekiel concerning him (Eze 38:2 and 39:29) = 204256 (13x15712)
| The last portion, 39:16-29 = 55887 (13x4299)
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| Verses 3-9 = 230464 (13x17728)
| Verses 14 and 15 = 30940 (13x2380)
| Verse 15, "Judgment" = 390 (13x30)
| Verse 11 "The error of Balaam" = 1014 (13x13x6)
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| "The apostasy" = 871 (13x67)
| "The man of sin" = 1963 (13x151)
| "The son of perdition" = 1807 (13x139)
| "Son of perdition" with v 4 = 13182 (13x13x13x6)
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Thus, no matter in what way we look at the recurrence of these two numbers, we see the same law pervading the history. A few miscellaneous examples must suffice:--
| In Gen 10 we have the scattering of the nations, and their division through the earth. It happened in the days of Peleg, the gematria of whose name is one hundred and thirteen. The Scripture recording it (Gen 10:25-29) = 10647 (13x13x63)
| Salah (Peleg's grandfather) was 338 (13x13x2)
| When Uzziah apostatised (2 Chron 26) it was after he had reigned 52 years (4x13)
| Jeroboam II had 40 years of prosperity, and then 12 of apostasy = 52 (4x13)
| Joash reigned 39 years (3x13), and then apostatised (2 Chron 23, 24)
| In the 13th year of Josiah, Jeremiah began to prophesy against the apostasy of Judah.
| Cain has no chronology, and Saul has none, except the last year, which was the first of David's, and of which 13 is a factor.
| Solomon was 13 years building his own house, which was so full of apostasy. (But he was 7 years building the LORD's house.)
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was 250 + 14700 = 14950 (13x1150). See Num 16:35,49.
(or of the son or children of Hinnom) occurs 13 times. It was the scene of the idolatrous and inhuman rites of Moloch introduced by Solomon (1 Kings 11:7). The casting of children into the fire in that valley made it the fit symbol of the future punishment of sinners, who are to be cast into the lake of fire, and gave rise to the word Gehenna, from the Hebrew Gee-Hinnom, Valley of Hinnom. The 13 occurrences, which contain the whole history of the valley, are worthy of connected study (Josh 15:8,18, 18:16, twice; 2 Kings 23:10; 2 Chron 28:3, 33:6; Neh 11:30; Jer 7:31,32, 19:2,6, 32:35).
Thus the two numbers 8 and 13 are like two threads--gold and crimson--which run through the whole of Divine Revelation, continually crossing and recrossing each other.
There is, however, one very important branch of this part of our subject still remaining, and that is:--
The Saviour, though without sin, was "made sin," or a sin-offering, for His people. He was "wounded for our transgressions," and bruised for their iniquities. He was, in fact, "NUMBERED WITH THE TRANSGRESSORS" (Isa 53:12).
Therefore this number is not only the all-pervading factor of SIN, but also of sin's atonement. It is not only the number which brands the sinner as a rebel against God, but it is the number borne by the sinner's Substitute.
His very names in the Old Testament, before the work of Atonement was entered on or accomplished, are all multiples of 13, just as His names, afterwards in the New Testament and when the work of Atonement was carried out, are all multiples of 8.
| Christ 1480 (8x185)
| Lord 800 (8x100)
| Our Lord 1768 (8x221)
| Saviour 1408 (8x8x22)
| Emmanuel 25600 (8x8x8x50)
| Messiah 656 (8x82)
| Son 880 (8x110)
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The Old Testament names are:--
| Jehovah = 26 (13x2)
| Adonai = 65 (13x5)
| Ha-Elohim = 91 (13x7)
| Messiah, as given in Psalm 2, a form in which it occurs 10 times, "His Anointed" = 364 (13x28)--the very number of Satan himself.
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But note here the marvellous combination of the other factors, 2, 5, and 7, the significance of which we need not dwell upon after all that we have said about them as indicating incarnation, grace, and spiritual perfection.
Truly, it is written, "Cursed is every one that hangeth on a tree." Hence the numerical value of the very word "anathema", curse, is 546 (13x42), and it occurs 6 times.
which records the first type of this Lamb of God, the sinner's substitute, exhibits the number 13.
| "And Abel, he also brought of the firstlings of his flock, and of the fat thereof. And the LORD had respect unto Abel and his offering." The verse amounts to 2093 (13x161).
| Verse 7, where we have a further reference to this offering = 5421 (13x3x139)
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Abel suffered; Cain sinned; Seth was the substitute for Abel. Hence the three names are:
| Abel | 37
| Cain | 160
| Seth | 700
| (13x69) | 897
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Their whole history (Gen 4:1-25) amounts to 76882 (13x5914).
The great chapter on Atonement is most remarkable. We cannot give the whole chapter; but note--
| Verses 2-4, which describe Aaron's preparations = 15015 (13x5x7x33)
| Verses 5-11, the choosing of the victims, down to the sacrificing of the bullock = 24739 (13x1903)
| Verses 12-14, the burning of the sweet incense, and the seven-fold sprinkling of the blood before the mercy-seat = 13377 (13x3x7x7x7). With this we may compare the words in Eph 5:25,26, "And gave Himself for it, that He might sanctify it" = 4459 (13x7x7x7)
| Verses 15,16, the atonement of the holy place = 13637 (13x1049)
| Verses 17-34, the high priest entering alone, ending with the everlasting statute = 80613 (13x13x3x3x53)
| Verses 20-23, the scape-goat's dismissal = 20670 (13x5x6x53)
| Verses 24-27, the purification of the priest and his assistants = 18993 (13x3x487)
| The latter two together (verses 20-27) = 39663 (13x3x3x3x113)
| The scape-goat = 585 (13x45)
| Verse 20, the choosing of the goat = 3575 (13x5x55)
| Verses 21-23, the driving of the goat = 17095 (13x1315)
| Verses 24-27, the rest of the atonement = 18993 (3x13x487)
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It may be observed that the serpent (Ha-Seraph) is also 585, exactly the same number as the scape-goat.
| Verses 6,7, which speak of the sin, the judgment, and the prayer = 7241 (13x557)
| Verse 8 "And the LORD said unto Moses, make thee a fiery serpent" = 1664 (8x8x2x13)
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Verses 8,9 = 8886
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| The Lord's own reference to Num 21 = 2366 (13x13x14) |
who was the type of Christ in substitution, has, as the factor